Angela?s Ashes: The Setting Effects The Actions Of The Characters Essay

The autobiography Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt tells the life of the McCourt family while living in poverty in Limmerick, Ireland during the 30’s and 40’s. Frank McCourt relates his difficult childhood to the reader up to the time he leaves for America at age nineteen. The book has many prevailing themes, but one of the most notable is the settings relationship to the family. The setting of the book ultimately influences the choices and lifestyle of the McCourt family in many ways. Living in poverty and not being able to meet basic needs leads the characters to result to desperate measures such as stopping Frank McCourt’s education and taking a job to support the family. Frank is forced to take the job mostly because his father is an alcoholic and uses all the dole money and his wages to buy beer instead of feeding his family. Frank describes this pattern of drinking away the money by saying " When Dad comes home with the drink smell there is no money and Mam screams at him till the Twins cry."(42) This situation lasts until Mr.McCourt leaves to work in England and is never heard from again which forces Frank to take a job at fourteen years old. Frank takes on the role of the head of the family proudly and comments " Its hard to sleep when you know you know the next day you’re fourteen and starting your first job as a man." (p.309) Frank’s ability to provide financial stability leads to greater comfort and living conditi ons for the family. The members of the McCourt family are also forced to beg and steal in order to help the family’s well being. Mrs.McCourt begs charities especially the St. Vincent de Paul Society for help with basic necessities for the family such as food, clothing, and furniture. Mrs.McCourt is even forced to beg for the family’s Christmas dinner. The butcher who she begs to tells her " What you can have now missus, Is black pudding and tripe or a sheep’s head or a pig’s head."(97) Mrs.McCourt reluctantly accept the pig’s head and is ridiculed walking home it. Also, the children are forced to pick up scraps of coal for the fire from a road on Christmas Day. Frank describes the children’s humiliation by saying, " Even the poorest of the poor don’t go out Christmas Day picking coal off the road." (99) Unlike their mother the McCourt children would rather steal than beg for what they need. The ... ...e’ll put stuff on a paper on the scale with the paper hanging down on her side behind the counter where she thinks you can’t see it." (66) Also, the religious of Limmerick discriminate against poor children as in the case when Frank McCourt tries to become an alter boy but is denied. Mrs.McCourt explains why he is denied by saying " They don’t want boys from lanes on the alter. Oh, no they want the nice boys with hair oil and new shoes that have fathers with suits and ties and steady jobs"(149). The Mc.Court family is constantly aware of the discrimination it faces because of the poverty they live in. The various settings of " Angela’s Ashes" effect the characters’ actions and lifestyle in various ways. Living in poverty challenges the family to meet basic needs through begging and stealing as well as children getting jobs to help the situation. Also, the poor housing causes the family to be subjected to disease and coldness. The society the McCourts were part of causes the family to be aware of social prejudice and learn actions to take in order to protect their rights. The setting of the book influences the McCourt family’s actions and style of living. Angela?s Ashes: The Setting Effects The Actions Of The Characters Essay The autobiography Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt tells the life of the McCourt family while living in poverty in Limmerick, Ireland during the 30’s and 40’s. Frank McCourt relates his difficult childhood to the reader up to the time he leaves for America at age nineteen. The book has many prevailing themes, but one of the most notable is the settings relationship to the family. The setting of the book ultimately influences the choices and lifestyle of the McCourt family in many ways. Living in poverty and not being able to meet basic needs leads the characters to result to desperate measures such as stopping Frank McCourt’s education and taking a job to support the family. Frank is forced to take the job mostly because his father is an alcoholic and uses all the dole money and his wages to buy beer instead of feeding his family. Frank describes this pattern of drinking away the money by saying " When Dad comes home with the drink smell there is no money and Mam screams at him till the Twins cry."(42) This situation lasts until Mr.McCourt leaves to work in England and is never heard from again which forces Frank to take a job at fourteen years old. Frank takes on the role of the head of the family proudly and comments " Its hard to sleep when you know you know the next day you’re fourteen and starting your first job as a man." (p.309) Frank’s ability to provide financial stability leads to greater comfort and living conditi ons for the family. The members of the McCourt family are also forced to beg and steal in order to help the family’s well being. Mrs.McCourt begs charities especially the St. Vincent de Paul Society for help with basic necessities for the family such as food, clothing, and furniture. Mrs.McCourt is even forced to beg for the family’s Christmas dinner. The butcher who she begs to tells her " What you can have now missus, Is black pudding and tripe or a sheep’s head or a pig’s head."(97) Mrs.McCourt reluctantly accept the pig’s head and is ridiculed walking home it. Also, the children are forced to pick up scraps of coal for the fire from a road on Christmas Day. Frank describes the children’s humiliation by saying, " Even the poorest of the poor don’t go out Christmas Day picking coal off the road." (99) Unlike their mother the McCourt children would rather steal than beg for what they need. The ... ...e’ll put stuff on a paper on the scale with the paper hanging down on her side behind the counter where she thinks you can’t see it." (66) Also, the religious of Limmerick discriminate against poor children as in the case when Frank McCourt tries to become an alter boy but is denied. Mrs.McCourt explains why he is denied by saying " They don’t want boys from lanes on the alter. Oh, no they want the nice boys with hair oil and new shoes that have fathers with suits and ties and steady jobs"(149). The Mc.Court family is constantly aware of the discrimination it faces because of the poverty they live in. The various settings of " Angela’s Ashes" effect the characters’ actions and lifestyle in various ways. Living in poverty challenges the family to meet basic needs through begging and stealing as well as children getting jobs to help the situation. Also, the poor housing causes the family to be subjected to disease and coldness. The society the McCourts were part of causes the family to be aware of social prejudice and learn actions to take in order to protect their rights. The setting of the book influences the McCourt family’s actions and style of living.

Bilateral and Unilateral Contracts Essay

There are two many types of contracts in the world of business: Bilateral contracts and Unilateral contracts are two of them. Each type with its special form and rules. In the world of business, a bilateral contract† is one where both parties are to perform their promises or obligations at some future time but not necessarily at the same time†. And a unilateral contract â€Å"is one where one of the parties performs his promises at the time of making the contract and the other party promises to perform in the future† (Contracts, 2006). Which one is more common in the world of business? There are some reasons that make the bilateral contracts more common than the unilateral contracts in the world of business. Bilateral contracts have something called â€Å"mutuality of undertaking† which means each party of the contract has the same level of commitment. But in unilateral contracts there is only one party who undertakes the contract (offeror), and he will never pay the other (the offeree) party until he complete the commitment ,and he (the offeree) is not obligated to do it (Contracts, 2006). Under what circumstances would someone prefer one or the other? What really determines which type of contract to use is the type of business: 1. Bilateral contracts: A Bilateral contract is the perfect choice in trading processes. For example, if John (the offeror) offers to pay $20,000 for Jack (the offeree) if Jack gives John his car, then this is a bilateral contract (Contracts, 2006). 2. Unilateral contracts: It is the suitable choice in any business depends on offering from one side, and it is up to the other party to agree or disagree. For example, â€Å"An insurance contract is a unilateral contract because only the insurer has made a promise of future performance and only the insurer can be charged with breach of contract† (Unilateral Contract, 2006). Offering a â€Å"reward† to anyone helps arresting a criminal is also an example of unilateral contract (unilateral contract). What are the advantages of each type for the offeror? 1. Bilateral contracts: For the offeror, the advantage that he gets using this type of contracts is that he guarantees that the other party in the contract will do his duties in the contracts. And the reason for that is that this contract is an exclusive contract between two parties, and the contracts includes â€Å"mutual contractual obligation† (Contracts, 2006). 2. Unilateral contracts: The nature of this type of contracts gives the offeror an advantage by giving him many opportunities to make contracts. And that’s because this type of offers is like an invitation for any party who is willing to make a contract. What are the advantages of each type for the offeree? 1. Bilateral contracts: The offeree guarantees that the offeror will not break the rules of the contract, and he will get his rights. Both parties have the same position in the contract. The offeror and the offeree have the same level of obligation because of the â€Å"mutual contractual obligation† (Contracts, 2006). 2. Unilateral contracts: This type of contracts includes certain conditions, and the offeree enters the contract only if he is agree with it and able to do his duties. This contract guarantees the offree’s rights because if the offeree did his part of the contract, the offeror is enforced by the law to pay the offeree. The offeror doesn’t have the authority of â€Å"obligating the second party to perform† (Unilateral Contract, 2008). Conclusion Two different types of contracts with two different natures. A combination of obligation and freedom in every type. In bilateral contracts, there is a complete level of obligation between the offeror and the offeree. In unilateral contracts, it is not the same level of obligation, there is a high level of obligation if the offeree did his duties (Unilateral Contract, 2008). References Bilateral Versus Unilateral Contracts. (2006). Retrieved August 3, 2008, from http://www. echeat. com/essay. php? t=30968 Unilateral Contract. (2008). Retrieved August 3, 2008, from http://www. answers. com/topic/unilateral-contract-3 unilateral contract. (n. d. ). Retrieved August 4, 2008, from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/unilateral-contract. html

Game Theory Thinking in Positive and Negative...

Ever since you were a child you have unknowingly used game theory. When your parents gave you the option to choose a candy bar, your brain started thinking of all the possibilities that depended on which candy you chose. You would think which one would taste better, make your feel better, and maybe be healthier for you. In the end, you would narrow your choices down to one piece of candy and eat it happily. Game theory is the use of theory to think through all of the positive and negative possibilities that could happen in a problem and try to maximize the positive. Game theory is not just one theory, throughout the years is has spread into six main games. These games are: zero sum games, non-zero sum games, simultaneous move games,†¦show more content†¦Shakespeare solved his problem in his play similar to the way Cortà ©s solved his, he killed off the prisoners, which made the opposing soldiers believe that they the need to fight to revenge the prisoners deaths. Therefore, Shakespeare successfully took away the opportunity that the soldiers might retreat and not fight them. Hobbes used game theory in another way, he thought of all the options and decided that people do not have to kill. For example, if person X claimed that person Y broke a promise or deal, person X could hire a person to hurt person Y, which would not kill anyone and it would stop Person Y from being dishonest again. A non-zero sum game is a game that has one player that wins, and the consequences will not harm the losing player. A very famous example of non-zero sum games is the Prisoners Dilemma. The Prisoners Dilemma was created by Robert Axelrod in 1984. This game includes two prisoners that have been arrested. They are wanted for crimes, but the police only have enough information to put the two people in jail for one year. When the police interrogate them, they hope to convince one prisoner to give away enough information to put the other prisoner in jail for 10 years. 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